博客

  • 一位美国妈妈在飓风卡特里娜灾害中母乳喂养的故事Breastfeeding for Survival

    一位美国妈妈在飓风卡特里娜灾害中母乳喂养的故事Breastfeeding for Survival

    Jennifer Noll
    Pass Christian MS USA
    From NEW BEGINNINGS, Vol. 23 No. 3, May-June 2006, pp. 114-115.

    Sometimes breastfeeding isn‘‘t about the warm fuzzies, the cuddling up, and looking into each others‘‘ eyes. Sometimes breastfeeding is about survival, about whether or not your baby is going to live to see that first birthday. That statement may seem overly dramatic to some, but to those of us who survived Hurricane Katrina, it is fact. I‘‘ll also warn people. My story will be difficult to read.

    有时候母乳喂养并不仅仅是温暖的拥抱和眼神的交流。 在某些时刻,哺乳是关于生存,关系到您的孩子是否能活着看到第一个生日的到来。 这句话可能对某些人来说太过了,但是对于飓风卡特里娜的幸存者的我们,这是事实。 我也提醒人们,我的故事是很令人伤心的。

    On August 27, 2005, I awoke to get my children ready to attend the World Breastfeeding Celebration in Biloxi, Mississippi, USA. As always, I watched the news as I dressed and fed my children, three-year-old Betsy, and Aisling, almost six months. What I saw frightened me. Hurricane Katrina was in the Gulf of Mexico, churning her way to my Pass Christian, Mississippi home. I knew then that we would have to evacuate. Our home is in a flood zone, and although we‘‘ve never flooded, we evacuate for every hurricane that comes ashore. The storm was the main topic of conversation during the WBW event and at lunch afterward. Although we were all concerned, we had no idea how bad it would be.

    在2005年8月27日,我叫醒我的孩子准备参加在密西西比州Biloxi举行的世界母乳喂养的庆祝会。 和往常一样,我边看新闻边给孩子们,三岁的Betsy和Aisling,差不多六个月,穿戴衣服和吃早饭。而我从新闻里得知飓风卡特里娜正从墨西哥湾向着我在密西西比,Pass Christian的家而来,把我给吓坏了。 我知道我们必须撤离。 我们的家在洪水区,虽然我们从来未被水淹过,但我们一旦遇到飓风登陆就会撤离。在WBW活动期间和午餐的时候,飓风成为了交谈的主要话题。 虽然我们都很担心,但我们从来没有想到过那会是那么的糟糕。

    The next day, my husband and I loaded our children, a few changes of clothes, and the family photographs into the back of our van. My parents along with my sister, her husband, and their 10-month-old, evacuated with us to a relative‘‘s home over 100 miles inland. On August 29, we waited out the storm there. Even as far inland as we were, I watched as trees were blown down in the yard, and we watched news reports until the power went out. The next morning we made our slow, painful way back to Pass Christian to see what remained of our homes. The trip back was difficult. We had to take the back country roads home, as the main thoroughfares were blocked off to all but emergency vehicles. We frequently had to stop and wait for men with chainsaws to cut through the trees that were lying across the roads. During these stops, I would nurse Aisling and comfort Betsy, who was alarmed at what she was seeing from the car windows. We had to skirt fallen power lines, and as we came nearer to the coast, we had to find alternate routes because there would be a house or a pile of cars blocking the way. As we came into the subdivision where we lived, we had to drive around a bit to find a way in. The entrance was blocked by someone‘‘s home that had washed from its foundation and into the road. Our actual neighborhood did not seem to be too badly damaged. The streets were muddy and debris strewn, but most of the houses still had their roofs.

    次日,我的丈夫和我把我们的孩子、一些换洗衣物和全家衣物装进了我们的小面包车里。 我的父母则与我的妹妹,妹夫和他们十个月大的孩子一起,跟着我们向100英里外的亲戚家驶去。 在8月29日,我们在那里等待飓风的到来。 既便是在远离海岸的内地,我们还是看到院子里的树被风刮倒。我们一直看着新闻直到断电。 第二天早晨,我们缓慢而痛苦的驶回Pass Christian,想看看我们的家情况如何,还有什么剩下的。 回程是困难的,因为主要公路只对急救车辆开放,我们必须走偏僻的乡间小路。我们必须常常地停车,等待人们将横倒在路上的树锯开。在等待的时候,我就喂Aislin,并安慰被车窗外的景象吓坏的Betsy。我们还要注意避开断落的电线,靠近海岸的时候,我们还必须绕路,因为经常会有倒塌的房子或汽车堆在路上。 当我们进入了我们居住的小区时,我们在周围找了好久才找到一条进去的路。 小区的入口被一栋人家的房子堵住了,这栋房子整个的从地基上给冲到了路上。 咋一看,我们家的周围似乎没有太严重的损坏,虽然路上都是泥泞和残骸,但是大多数的房子的屋顶仍然完好。

    However, as we went farther into our neighborhood, we saw things that were quite alarming. A boat had settled into a driveway. Household items were on the roofs of houses. Cars rested in places I knew they should not be left. I held my breath as we pulled in our driveway. My husband‘‘s truck was three feet to the left from where he had parked it. Our front door had been blown off the house by the force of rushing water. It quickly became apparent that the water had actually gone over the top of our roof. Our ceilings had collapsed, and all we had left was the frame of our home. I was explaining to my daughter, who was still in the car, that our house was “broken” and would have to be fixed when my sister came walking up my driveway. We were both crying when I told her that it was okay, I hated the wallpaper in the bathroom anyway. “Oh,” she said, “Did you hate the bathroom, too?” We had started to laugh at the situation when I saw my neighbor, Geno, running up the street.

    然而,当我们靠近时,我们还是看到了触目惊心的事: 一艘小船停在了车道上, 家里的物品倒了在屋顶上,汽车停在平时不应该停的地方。 当我们走进我们家的车道,我屏住了呼息。 我丈夫的皮卡从原先停的地方向左移了三英尺,我们家的前门被洪水给冲走了。很明显,水一直漫过了屋顶,天花板塌了,整个房子只剩下了架子。等我妹妹过来的时候,我还在给仍然待在车里的女儿解释说我们家的房子破了要修。我们两个抱头痛哭,我安慰妹妹说一切都会好起来的,“反正我正好不喜欢卫生间的墙纸,正好换了。 ” 噢, ” 她说, ” 你也不喜欢卫生间吗?” 我们开始自嘲起来,这时我看见了我的邻居, Geno,跑过了街道。

    She was crying so hard that I had a difficult time understanding her, and it took a few minutes before it became clear what she was trying to say. She had returned from her job to find her husband and three-year-old son drowned in their home. We couldn‘‘t call for help. Our cell phones no longer worked. We actually had to leave Geno holding her son wrapped in a towel while we went to get her help. It was the next day when help arrived.

    她失声痛哭,我很难弄明白怎么个情况。几分钟后,我才搞明白她到底在说什么:她下班后发现她丈夫和三岁的儿子在家中溺水。我们没有办法求救,因为我们的手机失灵了。Geno把她儿子裹在毛巾里,我们出去求救,但直到第二天才有救护人员到达。

    On August 31, we left my parents‘‘ home, which had sustained only minor damage, and went back to our house to try to salvage some items. I left my children with my mother for the two hours that I would be gone. I actually enjoyed the air conditioning in the car. It was a respite from the 95 degree heat we had been enduring. When we got to our house, we found our 78-year-old neighbor, who had not had water or food for three days. He had survived in the second story of his home, where he had stood in five feet of water for 12 hours. We gave him what food and water we had with us and did our best to talk him into leaving his destroyed home to go to a shelter. I also had to tell the coroner which homes to check for bodies on my street, as I knew who had stayed and who had evacuated. I watched as five of my friends and neighbors were carried from their homes in body bags and placed in the back of a pickup truck. It was at that point that my husband and I decided to take our children and make the long scary trip to stay with family in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. We left with a half tank of gas and no idea where we would be able to get more. We were ultimately able to find gas in Alabama and arrived in Nashville the next day, where we stayed for 10 days until power and water service was restored.

    8月31日,我们离开了我们父母那受损较轻得家,回到我们的房子想设法抢救些有用的东西。 我把2个孩子留给我的母亲照顾二个小时,我很喜欢汽车里的空调,至少我不用忍受95度的炎热天气。 当我们到家的时候,发现我们78岁的邻居已经3天3夜滴水未进了。他躲在他家的2楼,在五英尺的水里面泡了12个小时。 我们给了他随身的食物和水,并且劝说他搬离已进损毁的房子住进避难所。 我还告诉验尸官哪些房子需要去检查是否有遇难者,因为我知道谁留了下来,谁撤离了。 我看到我的5个朋友和邻居被装在运尸袋里从他们的家搬到卡车的后面,从那时起,我丈夫和我决定带着孩子们去田纳西州Nashville的家。我们开着只有半缸汽油的车出发了,我们不知道那里可以加到油。最后我们终于在亚拉巴马州加到了油,次日抵达Nashville。我们停留了10天直到水和电恢复供应。

    Where might the importance of breastfeeding babies and toddlers come in at this point? It helped us survive. My exclusively breastfed baby stayed hydrated in the sweltering heat. I did not have to worry about mixing formula at a time when we could not shower or flush a toilet. Also, as we slept in a pop-up camper in the yard, my daughter‘‘s rhythmic sucking soothed me throughout the night. My three-year-old decided to nurse again for that brief time, and we were able to share that comfort. Later, my friends from La Leche League told me their stories, just as dramatic as my own. One woman even nursed two babies who were not her own, as their mothers were unable to find formula in those first days after the storm. How much better can breastfeeding get than that?

    究竟母乳喂养在这个过程中有何重要性呢?首先,它帮助我们生存。我的孩子在闷热的环境里没有脱水。我不需要担心找不到水冲奶粉。晚上,我们睡在院子里的简易帐篷里,小孩的节奏性吮吸让我心情平静。在那段时间,我还决定暂时给三岁的孩子也母乳喂养,这样我们大家都可以分享那安逸的感觉。后来,我国际母乳会的朋友向我讲了他们的故事,正和我自己所经历的一样。一名妇女甚至还喂养了2个不是她自己的孩子,因为他们的母亲无法在风暴过后的第一天找到奶粉。还有什么能比母乳喂养能做得更好呢?

    When we returned from Nashville and began picking up the pieces of our lives, we found that our La Leche League members from all over the country had come to our rescue. Those of us who had sustained great losses received food, clothing, shoes, medicine, toys, and even items like strollers, car seats, and cosleepers. I‘‘m grateful that I made the decision to breastfeed and join La Leche League. An already horrible situation would have been even worse otherwise. Thank you, my sisters. Thank you for your thoughts, your prayers, and your help.

    我们从Nashville回来了并且重新开始了我们的生活,我们发现全国各地国际母乳会伸出了援助之手。遭受了巨大损失的我们收到了食物、衣物、鞋子、药品、玩具,甚至于婴儿推车、婴儿汽车座位和小婴儿床。我庆幸做出了母乳喂养的决定和参加了国际母乳会。 要不然情况只怕会更糟。谢谢,我的姐妹们。谢谢你们的想法、祷告和帮助。

  • 母乳妈妈在亚洲 Spotlight on the history of breastfeeding around Asia

    母乳妈妈在亚洲 Spotlight on the history of breastfeeding around Asia

    In modern times, we have gained more knowledge about how breastfeeding works and how to avoid common difficulties, but on the other hand breastfeeding is no longer the norm in many societies, which has thrown up new obstacles. If breastfeeding isn’t the norm where you live, what can you do to help normalise it?

    当今时代,我们已经了解了很多关于母乳喂养的机制、如何预防常见困难的信息,但是另一方面,母乳喂养在许多社会中不再是一种常见的现象,这给母乳喂养形成了新的障碍。如果母乳喂养在你的生活环境中并非常态,你如何做能够使之常态化呢?

    China and Hong Kong in the 1940s and 1950s

    Cheng Li Shuk Kam (now aged 94):

    中国和香港,20世纪40年代和50年代

    程李淑琴(现94岁):

    It was 1944 when my first son was born. Our family of over 20 people lived in a large house within a town in Guangdong Province. I breastfed my son immediately after he was born. Four months later, my sister-in-law had some trouble breastfeeding her third son. In those days, we believed that she didn’t have enough milk. We didn’t know about supply and demand. She asked me if I could breastfeed him, and I didn’t think it was a strange or unusual request because we were family. I simultaneously breastfed my son and my nephew for two years. My nephew moved from our village to Hong Kong at the age of two, and I continued to nurse my son for another one and a half years, until he turned three and a half.

    1944年我生了第一个儿子。我们家族20多个人,住在广东省一个镇的大房子里。儿子出生后,我马上就开始给他喂奶。四个月后,我嫂子给她第三个儿子喂奶时遇到了些麻烦。那时候我们都认为她的奶少。我们不了解供需原理。当她问我能不能给她儿子喂奶时,我没有认为这是什么古怪或异常的要求,因为我们是一家人嘛。所以我同时给儿子和侄子喂了两年奶。在侄子两岁时,他们一家从我们村移居到了香港。而我继续给儿子又喂了一年半奶,直到他三岁半大。

    In those days, mothers would breastfeed children for four to five years; three and a half years was considered a very short length of time to nurse a child.

    那个年代,妈妈们给孩子喂四到五年的奶,三年半是被认为喂奶时间非常短的了。

    Just two months after the birth of my second son, another sister-in-law of mine had her fifth daughter. She had a lot of difficulty breastfeeding and asked me if I could also nurse her daughter for her. We all believed that she was unable to breastfeed because of her age. She was over 40 and we all mistakenly thought that she wasn’t able to produce any milk. Again, I agreed to help her nurse her daughter, and I was also asked to be my niece’s godmother. I nursed her until she was two.

    就在我第二个儿子出生两个月以后,另外一个嫂子的第五个女儿出生了。她喂奶也遇到很多困难,问我是否可以替她给她的女儿喂奶。我们都认为是因为她年纪大了所以无法喂奶。她已经40多岁了,我们都错误地认为她已经不会有什么奶了。又一次,我同意来帮助她喂养她的女儿,同时我被要求成为这个侄女的干妈。我给她喂奶到两岁大。

    Simultaneously breastfeeding two babies was never difficult, nor did it ever feel like a burden; I was always proud to be such an integral part of their growth.

    同时给两个孩子喂奶一点都不困难,也从没让我觉得有负担;能够融入他们的成长过程,我非常骄傲。

    In those days, if a woman had a low milk supply, mothers would feed their infants water from which rice was boiled in, otherwise known as congee water or rice water. If the family was wealthy, mothers would feed their children canned milk diluted with water. But for most families, breastfeeding was essential to survival.

    那个年代,如果女人产奶少,母亲会给孩子喂米汤。如果家庭富裕,母亲会将罐装牛奶加水稀释后喂给孩子喝。但是对于多数家庭来说,母乳是孩子生存必不可少的。

    We had already moved to Hong Kong by the time my third son was born. He was breastfed for only two years because our doctor said it wasn’t good to breastfeed for too long. He said that as my child grew older, the milk that my body was producing had no nutrition left in it. This was probably because there were many new baby formulas being introduced into the market and breastfeeding was no longer the only option. Formula feeding was quickly becoming more widely accepted. I would have continued breastfeeding my son but I believed the doctor’s“expertise” and advice and weaned him at the age of two.

    在第三个儿子出生时,我们家已经移居到香港。他只吃了两年母乳,因为医生说母乳喂养时间太长不好。他说随着孩子长大,母乳里就慢慢没有营养了。这可能是因为许多新的奶粉品牌涌入市场,母乳喂养不再是唯一选项。奶粉很快被大众接受了。我本可以继续喂奶,但是我错信了医生的“专业”意见,在他两岁时就断了奶。

    Japan and the USA, 1960s to 1980s

    RuthAnna Mather:

    日本和美国,20世纪60年代至80年代

    露丝•安娜•马瑟:

    I grew up in Hokkaido, Japan, during a time when breastfeeding was a part of life in most of Japan, including in larger cities. Mothers nursed their children in public without embarrassment, for nourishment and for comfort. Mothers carried their babies and young children on their backs and took them wherever they went. Although hospital births and formula feeding was slowly increasing, it was not yet commonplace throughout Japan.

    我出生于日本北海道,那时候母乳喂养是大多数日本人生活的一部分,包括大城市的人。母亲在公共场合喂奶无需羞怯,喂奶可以给孩子带来营养和舒适。母亲不管去哪里都背着他们的宝宝。尽管在医院分娩和奶粉喂养的现象逐渐增多,但没到非常普遍的程度。

    As I became a young adult and started thinking about marriage and having children, my dream was to have at least five children and to breastfeed. When I went to college in the USA and mentioned this to my friends there, they were horrified. I was very surprised at their reaction. I found out that they had grown up at a time in the USA when breastfeeding was not a normal part of everyday life and mothers did not take their babies everywhere with them. In fact, mothers were encouraged to formula-feed by doctors, to not hold their babies too much lest they become too dependent, and to leave their babies and young children in nurseries and with babysitters so that they would not feel tied down. I realised then that I was very fortunate to have grown up in a culture where breastfeeding was the norm.

    在我刚刚成年,开始考虑结婚生孩子的时候,我希望至少生五个孩子并且用母乳喂养他们。后来我去了美国上大学,把我这个想法告诉了朋友们,她们都吓到了。我对她们的反应非常惊讶。我发现在她们成长的时期中,在美国,母乳喂养已经不再是日常生活的组成部分,母亲出行也不会随时带着孩子。实际上,医生鼓励母亲用奶粉喂养孩子,并且鼓励母亲少抱孩子,否则孩子无法独立,他们也鼓励母亲把婴幼儿留在托儿所里,由保姆照顾,这样母亲们就不受约束了。所以我意识到,我能够在母乳喂养是常态的文化中成长是多么幸运。

    Western countries in the 1950s

    西方国家,20世纪50年代

    The situation in Western countries highlights a trend which started in the USA and was soon to hit Asia.

    始于美国,流行于一些西方国家的喂养潮流很快将侵袭亚洲

    This was the era when formula milk became king. Huge improvements in hygiene meant that bottled milk for babies was much safer than before in economically developed countries, and parents trusted their doctors’ advice that formula was better for their babies than breastfeeding.

    In 1956, a time which could be regarded as the lowest point in breastfeeding history, La Leche League was founded by seven women who saw the huge need for better breastfeeding support. One of the founders, Mary Ann Kerwin, observed:“In 1956, breastfeeding was a lost and dying art. I believe that never before in the history of the world had a resource as valuable as human milk been so widely discarded.”

    这是个奶粉称王的年代。在经济发达国家,随着卫生条件的改善,奶瓶喂养对婴儿来说比以前更为安全,于是父母相信医生的建议,认为奶粉比母乳对宝宝更好。1956年,被认为母乳喂养历史中最为艰难的那一年,七位女士看到了母乳喂养的母亲们急需支持,于是成立了母乳会。其中的一位创始人,玛丽•安•科文说道:“1956年,母乳喂养是一门被遗忘、即将消失的艺术。我相信世界历史上,以前从未有过放弃母乳这种珍贵资源的情形发生。”

    At that time, 80% of US mothers were using infant formula, which became a trend in developing countries as more mothers abandoned breastfeeding.

    那个年代,80%的美国母亲使用奶粉喂养,并且这种潮流开始扩展到发展中国家,越来越多的母亲放弃母乳喂养。

    Mongolia in the mid‐2000s

    蒙古,21世纪初期

    Ruth Kamnitzer:

    露丝•卡姆尼泽

    In Mongolia, there‘‘s an often-quoted saying that the best wrestlers are breastfed for at least six years – a serious endorsement in a country where wrestling is the national sport.

    蒙古有一句俗语,最好的摔跤手至少吃了六年母乳——在这个摔跤被称为国技的国家,这句话是对母乳喂养最郑重的认可。

    Raising my son during those early years in a place where attitudes to breastfeeding are so dramatically different from prevailing norms in North America opened my eyes to an entirely different vision of how it all could be. Not only do Mongolians breastfeed for a long time, they do so with more enthusiasm and less inhibition than nearly anyone else I‘‘ve met. In Mongolia, breastmilk is not just for babies, it‘‘s not only about nutrition, and it‘‘s definitely not something you need to be discreet about. It‘‘s the stuff Genghis Khan was made of.

    养育儿子的最初那些年,我是在一个母乳喂养态度完全不同于北美地区的地方,在那我看到了母乳喂养的真实所在。蒙古人不仅母乳喂养时间长,而且和我看到的其他地区的人相比,他们对此充满热情,而且很少有这方面的限制。在蒙古,母乳不仅仅是喂给婴儿,也不仅仅是给孩子提供营养,显然也不是需要谨小慎微对待的事物。她是成吉思汗国的组成部分。

    When I breastfed in the park, grandmothers would regale me with tales of the dozen children they had fed. When I breastfed in the back of taxis, drivers would give me the thumbs-up in the rearview mirror and assure me that my son would grow up to be a great wrestler. When I walked through the market cradling my feeding son in my arms, vendors would make a space for me at their stalls and tell him to drink up. Instead of looking away, people would lean right in and kiss my son on the cheek. If he popped off in response to the attention and left my streaming breast completely exposed, not a beat was missed. No one stared, no one looked away – they just

    laughed and wiped the milk off their noses.

    我在公园喂奶时,前来打趣的姥姥奶奶们会讲他们养育一大堆孩子的故事。我在出租车后座上喂奶时,司机在后视镜中翘起大拇指,还向我保证我的儿子将来会成为一个伟大的摔跤手。我怀抱在吃奶的孩子穿过集市时,卖家会在他们的货摊中给我腾出坐的地方,还对我儿子说:“好好吃完奶吧!”人们看到我喂奶时,不是转移目光,而是靠近我,在我儿子脸颊上亲亲。如果孩子离开乳房回应这些来问候的人,让我喷奶的乳房就那么露在外面,这也无关紧要。没有人盯着露出的乳房看,没有人转移目光—他们只是抹着自己沾满奶水的鼻子大笑着。

    From the time my son was four months old until he was three years old, wherever I went, I heard the same thing over and over again: “Breastfeeding is the best thing for your baby, the best thing for you.” The constant approval made me feel that I was doing something important that mattered to everyone – exactly the kind of public applause every new mother needs.

    那时我儿子四个月大,一直到他三岁大,不管我到哪里,一遍又一遍听到的都是:“母乳对你宝宝是最好的,对你自己也是最好。”这些不断的确认让我相信我正在做一件事关所有人的大事——这正是每个新妈妈都需要的社会认可。

    (馨妈 翻译 Daisy、Missy审稿)

  • 我的母乳故事:礼物

    我的母乳故事:礼物

    在经历了280天孕育生命的洗礼后,随着婴儿的第一声啼哭。母亲的身体便产生了那最初的、最香甜的乳汁,就是那一声声的啼哭轻松地唤起了妈妈心底最柔软的爱。

    当怀抱起婴儿的那一刻,时间凝结了,仿佛从未有过的力量从心里迸发“宝贝,我是你的妈妈,我将用我的一切来抚育你,无论世界如何改变,我对你的爱将始终如一。”

    我将领口拉低,将目光凝聚,环抱着你那柔弱的身体,轻轻地、轻轻地将乳头捏起,你的小嘴居然马上就含了上去。那一刻,是痛?是兴奋?是喜悦?还是感动?随着你鼓起的腮帮一起一落,紧闭的双眼微微地闪动,从鼻中呼出的你的体温,我知道了母乳的意义。

    一切都是这样自然的发生了,可是人生哪里会如此地顺利,接下来,乳头的疼痛,孩子的脾气,乳汁需求的巨增,这突如其来的变化打破了本来安逸幸福的时光,我如何才能坚持下去?

    家中的留言小白板成了我情感的加油站,“我可以,孕育了生命的我怎么能够无法哺育我的孩子?”“第12天了,好像更多了些,伟大的妈妈加油!”“宝宝今天睡的很甜,不枉费我胳膊都抽筋了。”

    姥姥递来一碗又一碗美味的汤、饭,一声声嘱托,带给了我前行的力量,她成功的经验好像告诉我“你可以,因为你是母亲。”

    乳头破了,好了,又破了,当那烦躁的情绪到来时,家人无条件的接纳着我,包容着我,老公一次又一次将襁褓中的你递给我,看到你轻轻皱起的眉、微微撅起的嘴,小小的手在空中挥舞寻找妈妈的怀抱,我又一次燃起了希望,看到你努力的吸吮,疼痛都不算什么了。

    这时我想起了我的妈妈,想必您也是这样痛并快乐着,原来母爱的传承可以这样直接与真切!

    30天就这样恍然过去,不到两个小时就要哺乳,一吃就是一个小时,在这段黑暗与光明分不清楚的日子里,家人用鼓励使我不断前行,哺乳的幸福使我不曾放弃,终于我迎来了曙光。

    当孩子碰到乳头的瞬间,奶水便随之即来的畅快;当宝宝安稳满足的睡在我的身旁;当我的眼中有你,你的眼中有我。

  • 美而优雅的突破者——英国女王与母乳喂养

    美而优雅的突破者——英国女王与母乳喂养

    2022年9月8日,英国女王伊丽莎白二世去世,享年96岁。当日伦敦双彩虹当空,至此女王跨越世纪的传奇一生完美落幕。

    在我很小的时候,这位优雅的老太太就时常活跃在新闻联播里,她辞世的消息更是占据了所有平台的热搜榜首,几秒钟就是几百条相关评论:手握权杖70年,任命过15位首相;70年间跌宕起伏,突破重重险阻,沿袭和保全了传统的观念、礼节和仪轨,赢得了包括政敌在内无数人的尊重。

    鲜为人知的是,作为母亲,女王还是皇室母乳喂养传统的开创者。

    和历史上其他的王朝一样,皇室女性的重要使命是尽可能多产下继承人,确保王朝的延续。女王的第一个儿子,如今的查尔斯三世国王出生前,英国王室的传统是将新生儿交给奶妈喂养。

    尤其在过去,无论皇室还是民间,婴儿的死亡率都很高。皇室的女性只能一个接一个的生孩子,保证至少有活着的下一代。

    母乳喂养的避孕效果阻碍了母亲尽早怀上下一个孩子,新的皇室成员于是被交给奶妈,以便亲生母亲赶快怀上他的弟弟妹妹。

    女王伊丽莎白二世打破了这一传统。当查尔斯出生时,她决定亲自母乳喂养自己的儿子。她为查尔斯哺乳了两个月,因为患病中止。而后,她亲自喂大了接下来的三个孩子,安妮公主、安德鲁王子和爱德华王子。

    这一举动在当时的王室恐怕也引来不少议论,女王顶着这样的压力实现了自己最原始的母职。

    这番努力也为后来者铺平了道路。戴安娜王妃以及这几天新任的威尔士王妃凯特·米德尔顿都选择了用母乳喂养这样更亲密自然的方式养育新出生的王室继承人。

    在中国,许许多多母乳喂养妈妈也和睿智的女王一样,做出了育儿路上第一个智慧的选择:怀抱婴儿亲自哺乳,以亲密的爱意与独一无二的养分开启小宝宝美好的人生旅程。

    纵观将近百年的人类发展,婴儿的食物发生了很多变化。奶妈的出现,各种奶制品、辅食层出不穷,看似妈妈们可以有更多的选择,实则被所谓的科学喂养裹挟着与自然、本能渐行渐远,新手妈妈往往被育儿焦虑与自我怀疑折磨着。

    其实我们的孩子只需要妈妈,母乳喂养的意义已然不仅仅是物质上的满足,更多是精神乳汁的滋养。肌肤之亲耳鬓厮磨不仅是爱人间的需求,事实上婴儿对肌肤接触的需求更高。

    请记得乳房的后面就是心脏,当小婴儿吸吮着能填饱肚子的乳汁,感受着从生命伊始就熟悉的跳动,就只是这样,不管周边发生什么都不能撼动TA的茁壮成长。正因如此,袋鼠式护理被公认为全世界最好的护理早产儿的方式。

    历史长河漫漫,一定还有许多与母乳喂养相关的故事,欢迎评论留言,分享你知道的一切。

  • 我的液体黄金|My Liquid Gold

    我的液体黄金|My Liquid Gold

    From Breastfeeding Today 2013 Issue 20

    Julia Lehman Caldwell, N Hubbard, WI, USA

    翻译|Chris

    审核|Daisy、Shiuh-jane

    呜哧、呜哧、呜哧

    我的夏天是在一间漆黑的屋子里度过的。那里仅能容纳一个水槽,一把摇椅和一台整天呼呼作响的机器。那台机器是一个浅黄色的圆筒挂在一根三英尺长的杆子顶端。而房门外是一个已清洁消毒的、让人感觉冰冷的世界——新生儿重症监护室。

    弱小的早产儿睡在透明的保温箱里,里面塞满了模拟子宫环境用的白色羊绒织物。报警器的鸣响声日夜不休,监测着各种微弱的生命征兆。

    呜哧、呜哧、呜哧。在这间呼呼作响的屋子里,这台不停发出闷响的医用电动双泵吸奶器成了我忠实的伙伴,不论白天黑夜,每隔两小时吸一次奶。甚至是在睡梦中,我依然能够听到呼呼的吸奶声。

    我怀孕27周的一天晚上,我正坐在分娩球上,上我的第一堂生产课,突然我感觉到一股热流涌出。在随后的短短几分钟内,我被抬上直升机送到了一家大型医院。我们的孩子提前12周降临了。

    生产前,一个男人出现在我身边,手上托着一块蓝色的毛巾,解释道:“我要将您的宝宝放在这块温热的毛巾上,带他去另一个房间。”随后他走开了。差不多两小时后,他们把Wesley宝贝带进我的病房,他浑身插着管子,被固定和安全地放入了一个手推车上的小保温箱,准备进入新生儿重症监护室。

    我只能通过手推车上的小窗子看看他,不能摸他。Wesley体重1磅15盎司(注:约879克),12.9英寸(注:33cm)长,只比我的手掌大一些。他的头像只小桃子那么大,表面覆盖着一层薄薄的金色绒毛。

    我曾经期盼着喂养一个足月的宝宝,像普通妈妈一样表达爱意——给他喂奶、抱着他、帮他洗澡。但是这一切在一段相当长的时间内都无法实现了。Wesley不能自主调整体温和呼吸,也不能自己进食。

    “早产儿需要母乳”一位儿科专家这样给我们解释道。他说早产儿不能消化配方奶,而我的母乳是为早产儿量身定制的。虽然我不能像普通妈妈那样表达爱意,但是我能够提供他人无法取代的营养食物给我的小宝宝,以满足其生存和生长需要。

    Wesley出生的那天,护士把一台呼呼作响的机器推进我的房间。跟机器连在一起的还有一袋子设备——橡胶管子、塑料连接器、阀门和瓣膜以及不同型号的瓶子。她给我演示如何将这么零件与机器装配在一起,形成一个泵,模拟宝宝吸吮乳房的动作来吸奶。

    早产儿的母亲往往存在没奶的风险,因为他们的宝宝吸吮力不足,不能直接亲喂,甚至连最高级的电动吸奶器都不如宝宝的嘴那样有效地吸奶,它也不能复制宝宝吃奶时释放荷尔蒙的情况。“立刻启动”,护士边鼓励我边冲那台机器比划着。

    我的初乳来了,一开始只是几滴金黄的粘稠液体,又称为“液体黄金”,因为它富含养分。随着每次增加一些乳汁,乳汁分泌越来越多,很快就装满了1盎司(注:约20克)的初乳奶瓶。我亲手将奶送给住在NICU的Wesley,在那里,乳汁会通过经嘴插入他胃里的饲管喂给他。

    这间狭小黑暗的房间成了我的避难所,远离那些没完没了的各种治疗、做艰难的抉择和可能出现的风险。B超监测着他的脑出血情况。超生心动仪对他心脏上的洞进行评估。呼吸管、抽血、输血、胸透……我试图把精力集中到能为他做的唯一一件事上,那就是持续走进那间狭小黑暗的房间——像一项永恒的仪式,不分昼夜——我才能为他提供一些乳汁。

    在我初次能肌肤相亲地抱着Wesley前,等待两名护士摘除与他相连的那些监测仪器的管线,比如监测心脏、呼吸、氧气水平的仪器,再加上脐静脉滴注管、饲管和呼吸管。当她们终于把他抱到我怀里、包裹在我雪白的病号服里时,他只穿着尿布,小小的、粉嘟嘟的、轻飘飘的没什么份量。但是这一切已经让我感到无比震撼。

    直到那时我才意识到情况是多么的紧要。我不仅仅是为他提供乳汁这么简单,我是在为一个虚弱到不能自己进食、甚至不能自主呼吸的宝宝维持母乳的供应。经受母子分离的煎熬,不能以寻常方式表达爱意,母乳成了我和他之间维系情感的生命线。当时我幻想着用早产的乳汁滋养着他,以我体内的活性抗体保护着他,于是我继续坚持不懈地走入那间狭小黑暗的房间。

    两个月过去了,Wesley就这么一盎司一盎司地积攒着体重,逐渐接近6磅时,他再也不需要使用呼吸机了,并且进步到从保温箱里搬出、挪到普通的婴儿床上。我们的小沉睡宝宝开始醒过来观察四周找奶吃了。他已经准备好大吃一顿了。

    我们试着母乳喂养了几星期。他的啼哭令我倍感挫败。我致电给哺乳顾问。她们对我说,继续尝试。我担心会回奶,因此尝试了所有能做的事情:喝草药、胸部按摩、用手挤奶、放松、肌肤相亲,吸奶、吸奶、不停地吸奶。她们鼓励我说,奶量通常在宝宝开始吃奶后增加。我开始反感与那台吸奶机的定期“约会”。我想自己喂孩子,并开始相信这只是众多计划外事件的其中一件而已。

    恰巧在又一次母乳喂养尝试失败的时候,一个护士问我:“你试用过乳头保护罩吗?”[1]她向我展示如何使用这小小的、透明薄硅胶做的乳头保护罩。此后不一样的事情发生了。他衔住乳头,下巴开始有节奏地颤动,并不时停顿伴随深呼吸。我感觉到一股刺痛穿过我的胸部和身体。我看到他的嘴角有溢奶,顺着流入他的脖子和耳后。后来他闭上眼睛仍继续有节奏地吮吸、呼吸和吞咽。吃完后他推开乳房,张开的嘴里满是乳汁,流到下巴上。在我轻柔地为他拍嗝时,他带着竭力之后的满足与放松,在我的怀里沉沉地睡去。

    那天的晚些时候,一位护士从冰箱里拿出一些我的乳汁。“你的奶太好了”她指着一瓶装有我乳汁的瓶子说道。我的美妙的乳汁啊!

    在医院住了三个月后,我们把他带回家,正好是预产期之前的两周,他的体重刚好超过了6磅重。经过了几周的过渡,我们再也不用乳头保护罩了。这三个月来的每隔两小时日夜吸奶的历程,让我终于能够母乳喂养我的宝宝了,一直到他一岁大。

    我的小宝宝教会我生命的意义并不是以常规的方式来表达爱,而是以不平凡、非计划的方式来表达爱,甚至当事情不在计划中时,如何表达和展现你能做的一切。如今我能以平常方式来表达爱,然而最初的三个月,日日夜夜,我的爱就是呆在那间狭小黑暗的房间,用那呼呼作响的机器生产源源不断的乳汁,提供给我那极度虚弱而无法自主进食的小宝宝。

    编者注1不是所有的宝宝都需要使用乳头保护罩,乳头保护罩也不是解决宝宝吸吮问题的唯一方法。如果您在考虑自己和宝宝是否需要使用乳头保护罩,请咨询身边的国际母乳会的哺乳辅导或者其他母乳喂养专业人士。

    Whoosh, whoosh, whoosh.

    I spent the summer in adark room, barely large enough to hold a sink, a rocking chair, and thewhooshing machine: a canary-yellow cylinder perched on a three-foot pole. Justoutside the door was a chilled, sanitized world: a neonatal intensive care unit(NICU), where tiny, premature babies slept on pods of white fleece insidemakeshift wombs—transparent boxes known as isolettes. The dinging of alarms couldbe heard day and night, monitoring delicate vital signs.

    Whoosh, whoosh, whoosh. In thewhooshing room, the muffled, repetitive suctioning of a hospital-grade electricdouble breast pump became my constant companion, every two hours, day andnight. Eventually I heard the whoosh even in my sleep.

    One evening, 27 weeks into mypregnancy, I had been sitting on a birthing ball in our first labor and deliveryclass. Suddenly I felt a warm gush. Within minutes I was on a helicopter to alarge hospital. Our baby was coming 12 weeks early.

    Before the delivery, a manappeared next to me, cupping a small blue towel in his hands, “I will placeyour baby in this warm towel and take him to another room,” he explained, andthen he disappeared. Almost two hours later, they brought baby Wesley into myhospital room, intubated, stabilized, and secured inside a small isolette on a cart,ready to be transported to the NICU.

    I looked at him through a smallwindow in the cart, unable to touch him. Wesley weighed 1 pound and 15 unces,and was 12.9 inches long. He was not much bigger than my hands; his head wasthe size and texture of a small peach with just the thinnest layer of fuzzyblonde hair.

    I had expected to nurture afull-term baby, to show my love in the usual ways—nursing, holding, bathing—butnone of that would be possible for a long time.Wesley was unable to regulatehis body temperature, breathe, or eat on his own.

    “Premature babies needbreastmilk,” a neonatologist explained to us. He said premature babies have troubledigesting formula, and that my breastmilk would be custom-made for my prematurebaby. Although I couldn’t show my love in the usual ways, I could providesomething that no one else could: the nourishment that my tinybaby boy neededto survive and thrive.

    The day after Wesley was born, anurse wheeled the whooshing machine into my room, along with a bag ofequipment—rubber tubing, plastic flanges, valves and membranes, bottles ofvarious sizes—and showed me how to hook all the pieces together with the machine,to create a pump that mimics a baby’s suctioning.

    Mothers of premature babies areoften at risk of losing their milk supply, because their babies are not able tobreastfeed and even the highest quality electric pump cannot remove milk fromthe breast as efficiently as a baby, or replicate the release of hormones thatoccurs when a baby nurses. “Start right away,” the nurse encouraged me,gesturing toward the whooshing machine.

    My milk began as a few tiny dropsof a golden, thick liquid known as colostrum, sometimes referred to as “liquidgold” for its rich nutritional properties. A few more drops each time, and soonI was filling one-ounce colostrum bottles. I hand-delivered milk to Wesley inthe NICU, where the milk was fed to him through a feeding tube inserted intohis mouth and stomach.

    The small, dark room became myrefuge from endless procedures, decisions, and risks. Ultrasounds to check forbleeding in his brain. Echocardiograms to evaluate a hole in his heart. Breathingtubes. Blood draws. Blood transfusions. Chest x-rays. I tried to focus on theonly thing I felt I could do for him. I kept going into that small,dark room—anendless ritual, day and night—so I could provide a few tiny bottles of milk.

    Before I held Wesley skin to skinfor the first time, I waited while two nurses untangled and redirected thecords for machines that monitored his heart, respiration, and oxygen levels,plus his umbilical IV line, feeding tube, and breathing tube. When they finallyset him on my chest, tucked inside my white hospital robe, he was tiny and pinkand naked except for his diaper, and it was the absence of weight, of anysubstantial mass, that was so shocking to me.

    I hadn’t understood how seriousthe situation was until then. I wasn’t just providing breastmilk. I was maintainingmy milk supply for a baby who was not strong enough to eat or even breathe onhis own. With so much separation, unable to show my love in the usual ways,milk was my lifeline as well as his. I imagined my special preterm milk nourishinghim, my lifetime of antibodies protecting him, and I kept going into thatsmall, dark room.

    Two months passed, and ounce byounce, Wesley approached six pounds, shed his breathing support, and graduatedfrom his isolette into a bassinette. Our tiny, sleepy baby began to wake, lookaround, and suck. He was ready to eat.

    We tried breastfeeding for severalweeks. He would cry and I would get frustrated. I called lactation consultants.Keep trying, they said. I worried about losing my milk supply. I triedeverything. Herbs. Breast massage. Hand expression. Relaxation. Skin-to-skintime. Pumping, pumping, and more pumping. They encouraged me, saying that milk supplyoften increases on its own after the baby starts nursing. I began to resent myround-theclock appointments with the whooshing machine. I wantedto feed my baby, and I began to believe that this was just one more thing thatwouldn’t go as planned.

    “Have you tried a nipple shield?”[1]a nurse asked me one day, during another failed attempt at breastfeeding. Sheshowed me how to use the shield, a small, disc-shaped object made of clear, thinsilicone. Then something different happened. He latched on. His jaw beganmoving in a rhythmic pattern, punctuated by pauses for big, deep breaths. Ifelt a tingling sensation through my chest and body. I saw milk surface aroundthe cornersof his mouth, sometimes running in small streams down hisneck and behind his ears. Eventually his eyes closed yet he continued hisrhythmic sucking, breathing, and swallowing. When he was done he pulled away,his open mouth full of milk, running down his chin. He collapsed in satisfiedexhaustion, sleeping deeply on my chest as I gently patted the burps out ofhim.

    Later that day, a nurse was takingsome of my milk out of the refrigerator. “You have beautiful milk,” she said,holding a bottle of my milk and pointing to it. My beautiful milk!

    After three months in thehospital, we brought home our baby boy, two weeks before his due date, weighingjust over six pounds. Within a few weeks we didn’t need the nipple shield atall. After three months of pumping every two hours, day and night, I was ableto nurse my baby and provide breastmilk for the first year of his life.

    My tiny baby boy taught me that life isn’t aboutshowing your love in the usual ways. It’s about showing your love in unusualand unexpected ways. It’s about showing up and doing what you can, even whenthings don’t go as planned. Today I can show my love in the usual ways, but forthree months, day and night, love was the whooshing machine and the small, darkroom; love was protecting my milk supply for a baby who was too weak to eat onhis own.

    Editor’s note[1]:Not all of the babies need to use nipple shield,and nipple shield is not the only way to solve sucking  problems. Please consult a La Leche League leader or other professional breastfeeding helpers to know if the nipple shield is suitable for your baby or not.

  • 好事成双 Twice as Nice

    好事成双 Twice as Nice

    KASIA JEDRZEJEWSKA, LONDON, UK

    15 May 19

    From Breastfeeding Today

    翻译:国际母乳会中国翻译志愿者小组

    审稿:张楠 核桃

    Alex出生体重为三磅九盎司(1.8公斤)。大约是新生儿平均体重的一半。他的双胞胎兄弟Nathan有六磅八盎司(3.1公斤)。他们拥有各自独立的胎盘和羊膜囊,这理应给他们提供互不干扰的供给,然而,打从一开始,Alex就比他的双胞胎兄弟要小得多。他们是在孕38周时经择期剖宫术出生的。然而,Alex看起来却像个早产儿,他实在是骨瘦如柴。他很安静很虚弱。他没有能力吸吮母乳,体温也不稳定。出生一小时后,他就被从我身边抱走,送去了特殊监护室。他没有被放进保温箱,但他需要辐射保暖台。每次去看他,我都会哭,看到插在他小鼻子里的管子、扎在他小手里的针:他的手只有成人的拇指那么大。五天后,我和Nathan一起出院了。Alex留在了特殊监护室。

    两天后,他们给我们提供了“母婴同室”的机会。他们给我们在特需护理病房里安排了一个类似酒店客房的房间,所有的护理人员们和我们只有一墙之隔。Nathan、Alex、我丈夫和我都可以待在那里,我们试着教Alex如何在乳房上吃奶。我们做到了!第二天早上,他们称了称他的体重,他的体重增加了。我终于可以带他回家了。

    就在一切都进展很顺利时,我的手指在回家两周后突发严重感染。当你家里有一对双胞胎新生儿时,你恨不得再多出一双手。当你只剩一只手的时候,这真的是一个大问题!因为感染,我的右手几乎什么都做不了。母乳喂养时,我无法帮助宝宝以正确的姿势吃奶,并且乳头开始出现疼痛和皲裂的问题。我的乳头情况很糟糕,他们痛了好几个星期。那个阶段的母乳喂养非常痛苦。哺喂双胞胎使我没有机会让乳头愈合。我非常想母乳喂养至少六个月,但我真的很挣扎。我想成为一名享受母乳喂养的母亲,但我离这个目标还很远。我所经历的只是痛苦和压力。我的乳头在流血,我的孩子在哭,我也在哭。每次到了该哺乳的时候,我都很紧张。

    Alex不想吃母乳,总是哭泣。他很瘦弱,体重长得很慢。我开始寻求帮助,给助产士、英国国民保健服务的健康顾问和国际母乳会打电话。一位上门来访的健康顾问建议我停止母乳喂养两天,让乳头得以休息恢复,然后再来关注喂养姿势。也许是因为Nathan和我在医院得到了喂养指导,并且他出生第一天就开始吃母乳,而Alex没有得到过这方面的专业帮助,而且是从出生第五天才开始吃母乳,所以我和Alex之间的问题比和Nathan的要多很多。Alex特别虚弱,他的嘴太小以至于衔乳时只能衔住乳头。国际母乳会的哺乳辅导Helen,建议我以Alex的需求为准进行喂养,而不是按照之前在医院时建议的每3-4小时喂养一次的规律。她还教我正确的喂养姿势。现在我知道我其实应该听从她的建议,但那时我觉得如果按需喂养Alex,我就什么事情也做不了。我努力按照时间来对双胞胎进行喂养,就已经什么事情都干不了,一天到晚就是轮流给他们喂母乳。所以我暂停了母乳喂养。

    两天后,Nathan拒绝接受乳房,但最终他又重新开始接受了。Alex则完全拒绝乳房。仅仅只是让他靠近乳房,他都会大叫,他更喜欢瓶喂。那时他们大约九周大,我不断地尝试,但并没有任何的改变。面对这样的情况,我感觉糟透了,我想我没能给他们俩个提供同样的开始。我觉得我的两个孩子都应该母乳喂养。我脑子里有种奇怪的想法,觉得母乳喂养的孩子在未来的生活中会更快乐,更成功。我觉得自己像个坏妈妈,仿佛我没有尽力教Alex吃母乳一样。我为Alex泵奶,但我觉得这不如母乳亲喂好。当他们大约两个半月大的时候,我经历了一场痛苦的乳房感染,起初我并没有意识到这一点,也不知道如何治疗。我去看了我的医生,他说这只是乳头疼痛。尽管症状非常明显:发烧,乳房内部的刺痛,有脓液,整个乳房都非常疼痛,但他还是给出了错误的诊断。他还建议我,如果母乳喂养给我带来这么多麻烦,那就停止母乳喂养吧。幸运的是,那天我遇到了一位来访的健康顾问,她告诉我再去看一次医生,因为她认为这肯定是感染。第二天我去看了另外一位医生。我不得不服用抗生素。我没有停止母乳喂养。

    我纯母乳喂养时,全程需要耗费40至90分钟。而当我一边亲喂Nathan,一边瓶喂Alex,并与此同时泵奶,整个过程需要两个小时。我实在是精疲力竭,因为每晚只能断断续续睡上四五个小时。我的乳汁分泌开始减少。我发现受感染的一侧乳房泌乳要明显少于正常的一侧(我得了乳腺炎)。我不得不每天喂一到两次配方奶。亲喂、瓶喂、泵奶、冲调配方奶、消毒——工作量很大。不过可喜的是,Alex体重涨上去了。我开始更频繁地喂他,他从奶瓶里也吃得越来越多。他那时常常会在亲喂后哭闹,需要很多安抚,然而在瓶喂完就不哭了。我觉得他是终于吃饱满足了。很有可能对他而言从奶瓶里吸奶比吸吮乳房更容易。仅仅喂了几个星期的奶瓶,他似乎就变得更自在、更平静、更快乐。他体重增加了,开始看起来胖墩墩的。我又经历了一次乳房感染;这次,我很快就意识到是怎么回事。我给国际母乳会的Helen打了电话。她给了我一些非常有效的治疗诀窍。她真的帮到了我,让我免受许多痛苦。我又吃了抗生素。我的一些亲友建议我或许应该停止母乳喂养,因为这使我精疲力竭。但我没有。

    终于,我感受到了母乳喂养的乐趣,一点也不再痛苦了。我唯一的担心是Alex没有像Nathan那样受益更多。虽然这不太可能 ,我仍深切的希望Alex能重新接受亲喂。我听说过也从书上看到过,一旦宝宝瓶喂过,他就不会再想要亲喂了。虽不该这样说,但我觉得和Nathan的关系比和Alex更亲密,我对此感到很内疚。也许是因为Nathan出生后第一周我一直和他在一起,也许是因为Alex是一个高需求宝宝,让我感到精疲力尽。或许是他在母乳喂养时给我带来了太多的痛苦,或许是因为他不再亲喂,当其他人在瓶喂Alex时,我可以和Nathan享受更多的母乳时光。我不时把Alex放到我的胸前,看看他是不是改变主意了。大多数时候我刚把乳房靠近他,他就开始尖叫。有时他会吸吮几下,这就是全部了。突然之间有了一些新的变化,我把他抱在胸前,他开始吃了几分钟,下次又吃几分钟,一次又一次。重新亲喂后,他睡得更久了,像瓶喂完一样平静而满足。我是世界上最幸福的母亲!

    在罢工两个月后,他改变了主意。我们通过努力,实现了重新亲喂,我为自己感到骄傲,也为Alex感到骄傲。也许他终于觉得自己有足够的力量吸吮乳房,又或许他觉得我不再强迫他了。我放松了,他也放松了,他做到了!母乳喂养帮助我和他重新建立了连接。现在Alex喜欢亲喂多过瓶喂。他喜欢依偎在我的胸前入睡。现在我和两个儿子同样亲近,这是最棒的事!我觉得我能平等地给予他们我的爱,我的关注和我的乳汁。Alex和Nathan已经九个月大了,我还在母乳喂养,我喜欢母乳喂养。我打算母乳喂养到他们一岁或更久。

     

    感谢志愿者:徐姝彦,陈寿菊,龙姑娘, 刘文君,茉莉

  • 马拉松母亲 Marathon Mother

    马拉松母亲 Marathon Mother

    From Breastfeeding Today 2013 Issue 20

    Muireann Maguire, Cambridge, UK

    翻译|路施斯

    每一段母乳喂养的故事都是一场旅程,现在看看我的26.2英里旅程!

    在我快30岁时,我开始跑马拉松。两年后, 我怀孕了,那时我正准备我的第五场比赛。我跑马拉松是为了挑战自己,而非为了慈善或者追求速度,因此我倾向于选择越野马拉松,而非高调的城市马拉松。

    我的马拉松训练因为怀孕而停止,更在我孕期五个月时候,彻底暂停了跑步,因为自我感觉不再舒服。然而,我持续在综合运动器材上进行着一些轻柔的多项运动,一直到我孕期 38周。赫克托(Hector),我未出生的儿子,似乎也跟我一样享受着锻炼的乐趣。在我踩踏板的时候,我经常可以感受到他好像也在我的肚子里进行综合训练。

    在2012年8月,距离预产期还有4个月的时候,我收到了一封意外的邮件。我获得参加2013 年伦敦马拉松赛的资格,时间是4月21日。这意味着我只需要花费一点钱便可以参加世界级的 比赛!通常来说,马拉松的报名都是超员的,非精英选手必须付高昂的报名费才能参加,而我确是被抽中的幸运者。唯一的麻烦就是预产期在12月。于是,我立刻上谷歌搜索“产后5个月马拉松”,然而我却没有找到有用的信息。拉德克利Paula Radcliffe (著名女马拉松运 动员)在生了两个孩子后,依然能够参加精英组比赛,但我跟她相差太远了。像我这样情况的女运动员,正常来说能够在产后六个月跑完半程就已经很幸运了。并且,训练过度可能会带来严重问题,比如内脏下垂或者黏连。即便如此,我很难抗拒这次比赛,我付了款以保留参加马拉松比赛的资格,并告诉自己如果自己真的不能跑了,就推迟到2014年。这样的想法毕竟疯狂,不是吗?

    图|国际母乳会中国图片库

          我模糊地认为,母乳喂养是自然而然的事。 我真是大错特错了!由于我的胸部一直是最小的A罩杯,我有些忧虑,也许母乳喂养发生在我身上的可能性很低。

    预产期的前几天,赫克托(Hector)就开始发动了,最先的信号就是不再有强烈的胎动。 他一直都是个极其活跃的宝宝,而宫缩两天之后,他的活动变得微弱。我在医院里呆了一个晚上,第二天,医生决定给我催产。然而,医生发现我的胎位不正,必须实行紧急剖宫产。 新生儿的出生原本是个无比美妙的时刻,但对于我和我伴侣科林(Colin)来说,这却是我们人生中最为煎熬的一周的开始。赫克托(Hector)刚出生时没有呼吸,手术室里的医生们都不能使他重新呼吸。在安静了差不多十分钟的时候,一位儿科医生设法清理了他的气道,我们听到了儿子的第一声啼哭。在他被送去新生儿重症监护室的保温箱前,我短暂地触摸了他。

    赫克托(Hector)在新生儿重症监护室观察了六天,母亲角色的过渡就是这么让人手足无措地开始了。没有肌肤贴着肌肤地哺喂宝宝,助产士于是用她婆婆手织的羊毛乳房来教我如何用手挤出初乳,半夜不是被孩子叫醒起来喂奶而是闹钟,我定时一晚起来三次,用医院提供的大型吸奶器吸奶。当我抱起赫克托(Hector)靠近我乳房吃奶时,他反而大哭起来,而不是含住我的奶头。产后的第四天,我依然没有母乳,护士们都建议给赫克托(Hector)喂配方奶粉。如今回想的时候,我希望我们可以再等一等,但我们当时非常决意要尽我们最大努力让孩子回家。产后第五天的时候,我开奶了,隔天,我们就带着赫克托(Hector)回家。

    图|国际母乳会中国图片库

          他依然不能含住我的奶头,可能是因为他舌系带过短,但我不断尝试,用手托着乳房以帮忙,并且鼓励他。在这段时间,我们用挤出来的母乳和配方奶粉混合喂养赫克托。几周后, 我们有了进展:在乳头罩的帮助下他终于可以含着奶头了,我们也学会如何在公众场合用乳头罩进行哺乳,接着是在没有乳头罩的帮助下含奶,他表现出感人的热切。在他六周大的时候,我开始书写喂食日记,每天测量他所摄入的配方奶量和相对的哺乳次数。我当地的母乳会哺乳辅导给我打电话,给我建议,提供了很大的支持。在赫克托七周大的时候,我们更实现了纯母乳喂养——完全以乳房哺喂。我们从不回头看。

    尽管这一切都进展很好,但我从没有放弃我的梦想。自从我得知自己有资格参加马拉松赛后,我想象着自己将成功者的奖牌挂在微笑的宝宝脖子上。在我离开医院的时候,我咨询了帮我做手术的医生关于什么时候可以重新再跑步,她建议产后六周以后。由于我只有非常短的时间去训练,在产后四周我便开始非常谨慎地训练。我开始以极其缓慢的速度进行短暂的小跑,2英里,或者更短的路程,每英里13分钟。只要我跑得稍微快一点,我的两侧肋边就会疼。几个月过去,我逐渐可以跑七英里、十英里,再加上一次趣味半程马拉松。终于,在伦敦马拉松赛前一个月,我可以跑18英里了。我累垮了,尤其跑完之后,我的乳房非常涨, 但我知道我有足够的能力可以完成马拉松赛。 同时,我决定利用自己非公益的身分,出人意料地, 为慈善募集资金——为拯救了赫克托(Hector)生命的新生儿重症监护室。

    图|国际母乳会中国图片库

          我的跑步训练会持续超过两个小时,因此, 我必须用吸奶器提前吸奶,以便科林(Colin)可以在我不在的时候给赫克托(Hector)喂母乳。 而且我储存了一些母乳,以便在马拉松赛当天科林和赫克托可以在伦敦自由活动6个小时,甚至更长时间。顺带一提,有人说,运动产生的乳酸会让你的乳汁变酸,这并不是真的!

    这一天终于到来,我差一点就迟到了,因为在比赛前我为了给赫克托再喂一次母乳而脱掉了运动内衣。伦敦观众真是非一般的热情, 运动员们也为此增添色彩与活力——虽然我逐渐厌倦摇晃的仙女保姆(Mary Poppins)和史努比(Scooby Doo)标志。在我跑到17英里的时候,我开始感到疼痛,但我坚持住,紧随着一位穿着就像粉红苹果一般的运动员。比赛最后沿着购物中心跑的阶段是痛苦的,但是在最后300码时候,我奋力追起,把那位水果朋友甩在身后,在4小时38分的时候,我完成了比赛!当赛事人员为我戴上奖牌时,我哭了。赫克托和科林在皇家骑兵卫队阅兵场的人群中等待着我。 我的26.2英里旅程结束了!我为剑桥-罗斯医院筹得超过1000英镑,而且我给自己证明了自己可以克服哺乳的障碍,并且实现自己的梦想!只是,我梦想的一部分没有实现,那就是赫克托当时喝足了我挤出的母乳,正在熟睡中!当他的粉红母亲大汗淋漓,为他戴上辛苦赢得的奖牌时,他却懵然不知!

  • 相信自己,相信宝宝

    相信自己,相信宝宝

    我对于母乳喂养的关注是从怀孕开始的,我产检的医院定期会有关于母乳喂养的课程,在那里我了解到了和哺乳相关的许多知识,例如生理性涨奶如何处理、宝宝的含乳姿势、妈妈的喂奶姿势、喂奶次数等等新手妈妈喂奶必备的基本知识都囊括其中。那时候孕期的学习带给我的最大收获就是让我知道,母乳是这个世界上对于6个月以下的宝宝最好的食物,每一个新妈妈都可以给孩子提供母乳,初乳是非常珍贵的,离乳时间建议是2岁后,这些信息都给了我巨大的鼓舞与信心。

    2016年大年初二的晚上10点多,我的羊水破了,在医院经过两个晚上的等待,宝宝终于和我们见面了。宝宝是自然分娩的,整个过程都很顺利,宝宝出生体重5斤2两。大概产后15分钟宝宝就回到我的怀抱,我们在产房中开始了第一次母乳喂养,助产士在旁边为我进行了哺乳姿势的指导。当时我感到无比的感动和幸福。

    从医院出院之后,我回到家开始坐月子。当妈妈之后常常因为育儿过程中的各种问题焦虑,而坐月子期间就是我最焦虑的时期之一。当我还是小婴儿时,我的妈妈母乳喂养我到10个月,所以我妈妈在母乳喂养这件事上是非常支持我的。为了舒适地哺乳,我特意弄了个哺乳专属的位置,配上很舒服的靠枕,每次都喂够15分钟,每24小时都哺喂了12次以上。大概在宝宝满月的时候我在妈妈的帮助和鼓励下才学会了躺喂。幸福的是月子期间,宝宝夜醒大概两次,每次都在固定的时间醒来,所以我在月子期间休息得很不错。在宝宝出生之后的头3个月,如果宝宝夜醒少的话,早上醒来,我会发现乳房十分的充盈。

    我家宝宝3到6个月期间的节奏就是吃了睡,睡了吃,这个阶段是我觉得最轻松的阶段,尽管这个阶段夜醒依然存在,夜醒也不定次数。

    图片来自Karen

    时间很快,转眼宝宝要六个月了,我也要重返工作岗位了,但因为宝宝很恋奶,不接受奶瓶,需要奶睡,我感受到了即将上班这件事带给我的压力,于是上班之前一段时间经常堵奶,每次我都努力调整心态,然后用卷心菜冷敷的方法来暂时缓解因为堵奶带来的乳房不舒适。在这期间,还请了一次母乳指导来帮助我通乳,后来我又发现乳头上有白点,幸运的是我遇到了我们这里市妇幼乳腺科医术很好的年轻女医生,她看到白点那里乳汁可以顺畅的流出,告诉我不需要去处理这个白点,不用管就好了,果然这个白点后来自己就慢慢消失了,虽然之后的整个哺乳期这个小白点还会偶尔出现,但并没有对我的哺乳造成任何的影响。

    2016年8月的第一周是世界母乳喂养宣传周,在宝宝接近6个月的时候,我参加了国际母乳会广州小组组织的母乳喂养快闪活动,我第一次看到几十个宝宝同时在吃母乳的场景,看到很多2岁后还在吃母乳的大宝宝,在这之前我从来没有看到过站着吃奶的大孩子们,当时我还是有一点点小惊讶的,但也正是因为这一次的母乳快闪活动,我知道了国际母乳会,也融入进了母乳妈妈这个群体,每天都被微信群里正面的的消息所鼓舞,这对我坚定母乳喂养意义非凡。

    宝宝6个月,我开始上班了,背奶也开始了。我真的非常感谢前公司,每天5点下班,有哺乳假,在公司每天3次吸奶,每次20分钟,这些都是被允许的。有时忙到忘记吸奶,有时又开会不能出来吸奶,胸部变成石头。在公共的会议室里,偶尔也有男同事进进出出,内心各种尴尬,但我都坚持下来了。家里的宝宝只有我妈妈一个人照顾,宝宝不吃奶瓶,她就用勺子喂,真的特别感谢我妈妈如此耐心帮助我照顾孩子。

    宝宝很快就到了出牙的时候,我担心的出牙期咬妈妈乳头的事情一直没发生,直到大概一岁的时候咬过我一次,那一次我认真严厉地告诉他咬我就不给吃了,从那之后就再也没有发生过这种情况了。

    在宝宝一岁两个月的时候,因为不想让我妈妈太累了,我变成了全职妈妈。宝宝2岁前奶睡,夜奶没有停过,非常粘我,依然是高兴了吃,不高兴也吃,累了吃,渴了吃,饿了吃,想吃就吃,不让吃就不行。

    2岁后宝宝开始上早教了,生活比之前变得更充实,虽然依然恋奶,但白天除了午睡基本就不用吃奶了。有时玩累了,不用奶也可以睡着。但在家依然午睡奶睡,晚上奶睡,夜奶一夜一次至三次。因为夜奶的问题,2018年大概年中的时候,还专程去了一次国际母乳会的聚会。那时候宝宝大概两岁四个月,是聚会中年龄最大的宝宝,这次聚会让我学会释怀,不再纠结,夜奶也没有影响我休息。去了聚会没多久,大概宝宝两岁半的时候,夜里宝宝醒来我采取了延迟喂奶,尽量哄睡的替代方法,大概一个星期之后,夜奶就突然间没有了。我在这段期间又重返职场了,宝宝午睡入睡方式也发生了改变,从奶睡过渡到由外婆哄睡。

    图片来自Karen

          18年12月,宝宝2岁10个月。我又参加了国际母乳会的聚会,那次聚会的主题是离乳。那个时候我真的很想离乳了,但我也知道离乳是一个过程,从来不是一刀两断,就在聚会过后,宝宝一次又一次地给我惊喜。因为自然离乳的信号在宝宝身上出现了。2019年年初的某一天夜晚,我和宝宝躺在床上,就像跟成人聊天一样,我很认真地说“Kiki,妈妈觉得你已经长大了,你可以不用吃妈妈zizi啦,我们以后都不吃妈妈zizi啦,但妈妈一样好爱好爱Kiki”,说完我充满了爱意地抱着宝宝,之后亲吻了他一下。当天晚上的睡前奶没有了,之后几乎也没有了。大概3岁生日前,基本就剩下早上醒来的一次了。我又和宝宝商量,早上这一次不吃了,宝宝表示坚决不行。我也就随他了,毕竟就这么一次了。慢慢地,早上醒来跟他玩下,聊一下今天早餐吃什么,他好像也就忘记了吃奶这回事儿。3岁后的这两个月,只有很偶然会想起吃,到目前为止,可以说是自然离乳了。3年1个多月的母乳喂养之路就这样结束了。在离乳后,我和宝宝的亲密关系变成了抱抱和亲吻。

    母乳喂养的宝宝确实是母婴共同体不可分割的一部分,宝宝就像妈妈身体的一部分,随身携带,外出的衣服要选择方便随时随地哺乳的哺乳衣。除了刚刚出生医院那两晚,我没有一晚和宝宝分开睡过。我能一直坚持这么长时间,是因为我坚信0至3岁时期是一生中心智发展最重要的时期,成年后很多心理问题起源于3岁前是如何被对待的。我希望在我力所能及的范围内,给足够的爱、安全感和自信心给我的下一代,让彼此未来的路能够越走越顺。在此真心感谢我的母亲,我的丈夫,生活中的很多琐事都被他们承包了。感谢有国际母乳会这样的组织,每当我困惑,不知所措的时候,有这样的一个群体的聚会,有Leader敏怡的解答,还有大家的互助让我释怀。因为有你们,才能成就如此坚定母乳喂养之路的我。


    非常谢谢Karen开心的来稿,谢谢你的信任,也非常欢迎妈妈们投稿说说自己母乳喂养的故事,我们的投稿信箱是:volunteer@muruhui.org,再次谢谢Karen的分享!

  • 广东电台2013-01-20《靓靓娱乐圈靓妈学堂》对Ivy有关母乳喂养的专访

  • 杰克•纽曼医生Dr Jack Newman 关于母乳喂养的相关文件

    杰克•纽曼医生 (Dr. Jack Newman)于1970年毕业于多伦多大学的医学院,并在温哥华总医院实习。  1977~1981年期间他在魁北克省的儿科和多伦多儿童医院接受了培训,1981年成为加拿大皇家医师学院的一名成员,并在同年获得美国儿科协会的认证。他于1984年在加拿大成立了第一所医院里的哺乳诊所。他是联合国儿童基金会爱婴医院倡议活动的顾问,评估了在加蓬、科特迪瓦和加拿大的第一所爱婴医院。

    纽曼医生在1983年至1992年期间是儿童医院急诊室的一名儿科医生,期间也是急救站的代理主任。但是,哺乳门诊开业后,占用了他越来越多的时间,最后他就全职工作来帮助母亲和婴儿实现成功母乳喂养。现在他在多伦多市里的几家诊所工作。

    纽曼医生有几种母乳喂养的出版刊物,包括这些资料单张。文件格式为PDF或者DOC,内容包括以下几部分。

    第一部分:文件大小2M,   Dr_Jack_Newman

    母乳哺育-正确的开始

    哺乳婴儿的腹绞痛

    乳头疼痛

    乳头及乳房疼痛的治疗

    我的宝宝有吃到足够的奶水吗

    母乳与黄疸

    你应该持续哺乳1_药物和母乳哺育

    你应该持续哺乳2_妈妈或宝宝的疾病

    挤压乳房

    多潘立酮﹙吗丁啉﹚对泌乳的影响

    乳腺管阻塞及乳腺炎

    高丽菜叶、草药、卵磷脂

    头几个月後的体重增加迟缓

    当宝宝拒绝含上乳房

    增加宝宝吃奶量的指引(奶量不足)

    当含上乳房时

    第二部分:文件大小650K,   Dr_Jack_Newman2

    哺育学步儿-到底为了什么

    药物和母乳哺喂

    手指喂食

    使用哺乳辅助器

    哺育母乳和其她食物

    如何知道医护专业人员并不支持母乳哺育

    另外,这里面还有很多有用的视频:
     http://www.breastfeedinginc.ca/content.php?pagename=videos-chinese
    http://www.breastfeedingonline.com/newman.shtml