母乳喂养保护家庭，免遭污染配方奶的危害 Breastfeeding Protects Families from Risks of Tainted Formula

Contact: Melanie Ham, Emy Machida, Yuwen Ren, Ursula Weitzel, Judit Hajba
Contact Ph# 13917124540, 13917484030 or info@lllshanghai.com

母乳喂养保护家庭，免遭污染配方奶的危害

(September 2008) La Leche League 国际母乳会亚洲 (Asia) 对7000多因食用被三聚氰胺污染的配方奶而致病的婴儿表示深切的悲痛。数家中国企业生产的配方奶，和其它乳制品如，牛奶，酸奶，和冰激凌中都检测出含有三聚氰胺。食用污染配方奶已导致至少4名婴儿死亡，150多名婴儿因肾脏衰竭而住院，数千个婴儿因而致病。三聚氰胺常被使用作为一种化学结合剂，也做为一种添加剂用于化肥。因为其高含氮量，人为的将其添加在牛奶中可以增加蛋白质含量检测指标，但会导致肾脏疾病。

(September 2008) La Leche League of (Asia) was deeply saddened to read about the illness of almost 7,000 Chinese babies who were fed formula tainted by the chemical melamine. The chemical has been found in several brands of infant formula manufactured in China as well as in other dairy products, including regular milk, yogurt and ice cream. At least four babies have died,  more than 150 have been  hospitalized with kidney failure and thousands have been sickened after being fed contaminated infant formula. Melamine is a chemical which is meant to be used as a binding agent and is also an ingredient in fertilizer.  Melamine artificially increases the protein profile of milk and can cause kidney diseases.

由于此事件已引发全球全面性召回中国 所出产的乳制产品。国际母乳会La Leche League International (LLLI) 强烈建议使用配方奶的妈妈们重新母乳喂养，避免遭到污染配方奶或者是不适当处方配方奶的影响，从而确保宝宝在这样一种灾难性的情况下获得正确的营养。

Massive recalls of dairy products manufactured in China are being conducted world-wide.  La Leche League International (LLLI) strongly suggests that mothers with infants who are being given formula consider relactating to avoid possible exposure to tainted formula, improperly prepared formula and to protect their ability to nourish infants in case of disaster.

即使现在奶量已很少或没有喂过母乳，也可以重新启动母乳分泌，但此过程的确需要妈妈的决心和支持的给予。相关信息有关再度泌乳信息 ，可以在以下LLLI 网站 中寻找http://www.llli.org/FAQ/relactation.html. 甚至在已经产后几个月的妈妈们和领养婴儿的妈妈们可藉由重新启动母乳分泌已达成母乳喂养。

Although health professionals around the world advise breastfeeding as the best choice, mothers who choose to feed formula to their babies often do so believing that they are providing the best for their children. Marketing messages from formula manufacturers promote the belief that formula is equal or superior to human milk.  These marketing tactics are prevalent even in developing countries where it is often difficult to properly purchase, prepare and store human milk substitutes.  Beliefs in the superiority of human milk substitutes can become pervasive, resulting in mothers finding little or no support for their desire to breastfeed.

尽管全世界的健康专家都认为母乳喂养是最佳选择，但选择配方奶的妈妈们经常相信她们给自己宝宝的是最好的。配方奶生产商的广告宣称配方奶等同于母乳或更好。这些营销策略甚至盛行于在母乳替代品的购买 ，准备和储藏都很困难的发展中国家。那些配方奶优越性的信念变得很有说服性，从而导致妈妈们几乎找不到支持来协助她们母乳喂养。

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than one million children die every year because they are not breastfed.  WHO estimates that no more than 40% of infants worldwide are exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life. A cornerstone of WHO’s and UNICEF’s Global Strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding (http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/global_strategy/en/index.html) is the aim that babies be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life. After six months, it is recommended that breastfeeding be continued along with the introduction of locally available foods.  For the first year of life and beyond, human milk provides nutrition and protects infants from disease. Research has demonstrated that the nutritional value of breastmilk, specifically the fat and energy content, continues well beyond the first year. There are many reasons that women choose not to breastfeed, including some medical conditions which are contraindications to breastfeeding.  However, in the absence of such contraindications, providing women with information and support to be able to breastfeed is important.

根据世界卫生组织的相关数据表明，每年超过1百万的婴儿因为没有母乳喂养而死亡。该组织估计只有40%不到的婴儿在出生的头六个月完全靠母乳喂养。世界卫生组和联合国儿童基金会发布的全球婴幼儿喂养方案(http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/global_strategy/en/index.html)，提倡婴儿在出生的头六个月完全靠母乳喂养。六个月后，建议继续母乳喂养并辅以当地能获得的其它适合婴儿的食物。母乳能保护宝宝不止在第一年里抵御各种疾病。研究显示头一年后的母乳，仍继续维持着良好的营养价值与成分，尤其是脂肪和能量成分。妈妈不选择母乳喂养有很多原因，包括一些医学方面的因素以至于不能母乳喂养。然而，如果没有这方面的原因，为妈妈们提供信息和支持使得她们能够母乳喂养是十分重要的。

Pregnant mothers need to know that while breastfeeding is natural, it is a learned behavior.  Although many mothers and babies begin breastfeeding and continue on with no problems, this is not always the case.  Mothers can find information to help them with their difficulties by contacting a La Leche League Leader or attending a La Leche League meeting.

怀孕妇女需知道母乳喂养是自然过程，不过这也是一们学习的艺术。很多妈妈和宝宝很自然的开始并毫无任何问题的持续母乳喂养，但并非所有的妈妈都会如此顺利。需要帮助和指导的妈妈们可以联系国际母乳会的哺乳辅导 或者参加国际母乳会的聚会.

Women in both affluent and developing countries need to have information and support to breastfeed their babies. Since 1956, LLLI  has been offering this information and support. Mother-to-mother support groups now exist in almost 70 countries. The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding, published by LLLI, has sold over two million copies. LLLI’s web site reaches millions of women a year. For more information about breastfeeding or to locate a support group in your area, visit the LLLI web site at www.llli.org.

不管是富裕国家的妇女，还是发展中国家的妇女，都有需要母乳喂养的信息和支持。自1956年起，国际母乳会就提供相应的信息和支持。母亲对母亲的支持小组已经存在于世界70多个国家。由国际母乳会LLLI 出版的”女性的母乳喂养艺术”一书已售出超过2百万本。LLLI 的网站每年有数以百万计的访问者。如需要详细了解您所在地区的支持小组信息请上以下网址www.llli.org。

国际母乳会LLL 在上海每月有中英文聚会活动。关于母乳喂养的益处和方法将在会上讨论。如需详细信息，请写email至 info@lllshangahi.com。

联合国儿童基金会驻中国办事处和世界卫生组织驻华代表处就受污染奶粉事件联合发表声明
北京, 2008年9月24日 –  联合国儿童基金会驻中国办事处和世界卫生组织驻华代表处就三鹿及其他奶粉公司受污染婴幼儿奶粉事件深表痛心和关注。在食品生产和销售领域对公众的欺骗行为是无法接受的，故意污染婴幼儿食品的行为更应受到谴责。
中国食品安全主管部门正在采取迅速有力的行动对这次事件开展全面调查，我们相信此事件会得到妥善处理。同时，我们也期望在调查结束后，随着中国政府日益重视食品安全的问题，中国婴幼儿食品的监管机制将得到进一步完善。

全球所有卫生机构一致确信，母乳是婴儿最理想的食品，没有任何一种婴儿配方奶粉可以与之相比。没有任何一种奶粉同母乳一样含有完全均衡的、可促进婴儿身心发育的蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪。没有任何一种奶粉同母乳一样含有可帮助婴儿抵抗疾病的抗体，没有任何一种奶粉同母乳一样安全可靠，并且对于家庭来说，没有任何一种奶粉同母乳一样经济实惠，既能为孩子提供均衡的营养又能保护其免受疾病的侵扰。
在正常情况下，所有婴儿在出生后六个月内都应进行纯母乳喂养。在此期间无需给婴儿添加任何其他饮料或食物，甚至不用喂水。此后，在给婴儿开始添加营养丰富和安全的辅食同时，应当继续坚持母乳喂养至少到孩子满两岁。

如果职业女性在上班时间无法用母乳喂养孩子，应该将母乳挤出并存放在干净的容器中备用，这样母亲不在身边时孩子也能喝到母乳。在室温下，母乳可以安全存放至八小时。母亲下班回家后应按正常情况哺喂孩子。这样，即使在母亲上班或临时外出后，孩子也能够持续享受母乳喂养的益处。

所有母亲都应该在产前、分娩和产后的全程保健护理过程中了解到母乳喂养对孩子和对自己的好处，并且应该在专业人员的帮助下掌握如何开始哺乳以及持续哺乳的正确方法。父母们也应该认识到婴儿配方奶粉在其生产、加工和使用的过程中有受污染的可能性，这样的风险在此次和以往在国内外发生的类似事件中得到了充分体现。对于少数确实由于医学或其他原因不能给孩子喂母乳或者产后经过一段时间选择奶粉喂养的母亲，在决定选用母乳代用品之前，应当充分咨询专业医务工作者，并充分考虑到安全性和经济承受能力等因素。

如需了解更多信息，请联系：
Dale Rutstein（英文） 联合国儿童基金会驻中国办事处  电话：(86-10)65323131转1301  电邮：drutstein@unicef.org
刘莉（中文） 联合国儿童基金会驻中国办事处 
电话：(86-10)65323131转1303  电邮：liliu@unicef.org
Nyka Alexander（英文） 世卫组织驻华代表处 
电话：(86-10)6532-7189转81281 电邮：alexandern@wpro.who.int
原博雍（中文） 世卫组织驻华代表处  
电话：(86-10)6532-7189转81282 电邮：yuanb@wpro.who.int